Shocking Statistics: 40% of Highly Educated Immigrants in Portugal Underemployed

The Reality of Underemployment for Immigrants in Portugal

Around 40% of immigrants with higher education in Portugal are employed in jobs below their academic qualifications, a phenomenon referred to as "brain waste". This situation is exemplified by Tahir, a Pakistani immigrant who once worked as a civil engineer but now spends his nights stocking shelves in a supermarket.

Comparison of Overqualification Rates

A recent analysis reveals that approximately 27% of Portuguese workers with higher education are overqualified for their roles, a figure that rises to 39% among immigrants. This disparity illustrates the systematic underutilization of immigrant qualifications compared to native workers.

A European Perspective

Portugal's challenge is not unique; however, it stands out positively when compared to other Southern European countries like Italy, Spain, and Greece, where the overqualification gap is nearly double. The data suggests that while Portugal mirrors the disparity between natives and immigrants, it has one of the lowest differences in Europe.

The Importance of Local Degrees

Possessing a national diploma significantly impacts job prospects. Immigrants with a Portuguese degree have lower unemployment rates compared to those with foreign qualifications. The gap is stark, with a 36-percentage point difference in overqualification rates between immigrants educated in Portugal and those educated abroad.

The Struggle for Recognition

Despite the recent improvements in the recognition process for foreign degrees, many immigrants still face challenges in navigating the system, leading to a continued cycle of underemployment. Tahir, like many others, struggles with the bureaucratic process, which affects his access to healthcare and the recognition of his qualifications.

Educational Landscape in Portugal

Data shows that around 10% of higher education students in Portugal are foreigners, with a significant number coming from Portuguese-speaking countries. The government has taken steps to facilitate access for international students through various legislative changes, including the International Student Status introduced in 2014.

Financial Impact of International Students

International students contribute approximately 20 million euros annually to public higher education institutions, representing 5% of their annual revenue. The proportion of foreign students is notably higher in master's and doctoral programs compared to undergraduate courses.

The Need for Systemic Change

The ongoing issues of brain waste not only waste talent but also undermine the dignity of immigrants. Many, like Tahir, arrived in Portugal hoping for better opportunities but have faced significant barriers. The government recognizes the need for continuous improvement in integrating immigrants into the workforce and ensuring their qualifications are acknowledged.