Summary:
Fourth election in five and a half years due to ongoing political crisis.
Recent government collapse after 344 days in power.
Historical parallels drawn with the First Republic, which saw 45 governments in 16 years.
Current legislature has not completed a term since 2019.
António Costa's government lasted only until December 2023 amid a judicial investigation.
Political Turmoil in Portugal
Portugal is preparing for its fourth election in just five and a half years, marking a significant political crisis reminiscent of the First Republic era. Just 344 days after the government was sworn in, it has collapsed following a confidence motion that was passed with opposition votes, except for the Iniciativa Liberal.
Historical Context: The First Republic
The First Republic was established on October 5, 1910, and lasted until May 28, 1926, ending the monarchy in Portugal. During this turbulent period of nearly 16 years, there were 45 governments and two provisional juntas. Key reforms included the separation of church and state, the introduction of divorce, and the right to strike.
Current Political Instability
Since 2019, no legislature has completed its term. The Geringonça, led by António Costa, lasted for two years and five months before the 2022 state budget was rejected, prompting the President to dissolve the Assembly. A majority government was formed in 2022 but lasted only until December 2023 due to a judicial investigation against Costa.
In 2024, Luís Montenegro took power through early elections, but after 11 months, the government faced turmoil due to the Spinumviva case, leading to two censorship motions. As the countdown to the next elections begins, questions loom about the stability of the upcoming government.
*Edited by Ana Maria Pimentel
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